Nu-substituted imides of hexachloro bicyclo [2.2.1] heptene dicarboxylic acids



.snlute roams' smta- XR n IMIDES or rmxAcrrLono at SUBSTITUTE CYCLO ILZJIHEPTENE DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS Henry Blnestone, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignor to Yelsieol Chemical Corporation, a corporation of Illinois No Drawing. Application March 4, 1953 Serial N 340,392

6 Claims. (Cl. 260-326) This invention relates to new compositions of matter. More specifically, the present invention relates to N-substituted imides of l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2.2.1]-

' $-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid. These products may prepared by heating the anhydride of the above chlon-.

softening heavy, tough polymeric and elastomeric mate.-

rials such as rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chlorideacetate, neoprene, polyvinylbutyral, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, styrene copolymcrs, polyacrylonitrile,

SEARCH ROOM '6 Patented June 11, 1957 butadiene-styrene'copolyrners, thiokols, polyester resins, I

varnish resins, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate-butyrate, and similar natural and synthctmmaterials.

The products of the present invention may be incorpoaied into such elastomers and resins at normal room or elevated temperatures by the use of standard rubber work- I ci'zers may be mixed by stirring with finely divided resins such as vinyl resins suitable for slush molding.

An important feature of the present invention is the fact that the present products not only plasticize polymers and elastomers, but concomitantly provide or improve their fire retardancy characteristics and provide protection against attack from fun uch as mildew The fire resi ant and tungimoperties thus imparted are not only mtricted to polymers and elastomers, but arealso apparent when the products of this invention are incorporated into other materials. For example, N-substituled l,4,$,6,7,7-hexachl0r0bicyclo-[2.2.1] 5 hcptene- 2,3-dicarboximide may be used effectively to protect cotton goods, wood, wood pulp products, leather goods, paper goods, canvas, rope, marine supplies, a? insulating materials, caulking and sealing compoun s and other materials which are exposed to the hazards of fire and fungus attack.

These N-substi-tuted imidm may also be ut lized as stabilizing materials for protection of certain materials against the action of such metal impurities as copper or manganese which metals are known to catalyze oxidative degradation of unsaturated oils and polymers. Thus the material may be used as an inhibitor of the action of these metals. They are also valuable as plant growth inhibitors.

The amines utilized in the present process are primary monofunctional amines containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms inclusive of the group aliphatic amines, cycloaliail, I

Methyl amine n-Octylamine Ethylamine lso-octylamine Piopylamine Nonylamine Isopropylamine Decylamine Allylamine Decenylamine Isobutylamine Undecylamine n-Butylamine Pentadecylamine Isoamylamine Undecenylamine n-Amylamine Z-ethyl-hexylamine n-Hexylamine Hexadecylamine n-Hexenylamine Nonadecylamine l-amino-Z-butcne Eicosylamine n-Heptylamine Z-methylcycloheptylamine Cyclohexylamine Z-aminocycloheptylamine l-Menthylamine Amino-iso-campheno Cyclopentylamine w-Aminopinane Z-amino bicyclo [2.2.11- Z-bromoaniline 5heptene Mesidine Aniline Z-amino- 3 isopropyl-toluene Benzylamine Phenylhydrazine a-Phenylethylamine Duradine 2-phenoxyethylamine l-anthramine 2-phenylethylamine Z-anthramine o-Toluidine Aminobiphenyl m-Toluidine l-naphthylamine 4-amino-l,3-dimcthyl- 3,5-dimethyl-l-naphthylbenzene amine 2-amino-1,4-dimethyl- 4-(p-tolyl)-2-naphthylbenzene amine m-Ethylaniline tit-Methyl a phenylhydrazine o-Ethylaniline o-Phenetidine Z-rnethoxyethylamine m-Phenetidine 2-ethoxybutylamine p-Anisidine 3-methoxypropylamine Lmethoxycyclohexylamine Z-methoxypropylamine 4-ethoxy-3-cyclopentenylamine t-methmtypen tylamine 5 amino-6-ethoxy-bicyo-Anisidine clo- [2.2.1 )-2-heptene Halogenated ethylamine o-Chloroaniline Halogenated propylamine 3,5-dibromo-4-amino-toluene Halogenated butylamine 3-trifluoromethyl-ani1ine The amina above listed are only intended to.exemplify primary mono-amines which can be used to form the present products and do not represent a comprehensive The products of the present invention are N-substituted imides of l,4,5,6,7,7-hcxachlorobicyclo-[2.2.II-S-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic acid wherein the substituent on the imide nitrogen is the amino-free residual radical of a primary monofunctional amine containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms of the group consisting of aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines and aromatic amines. By primary monotunctional amines as previously exemplified are meant aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic compounds containing one amino group and no other reactive group.

The products of the present invention may be prepared by adding equimolar quantities of the anhydride material and the primary amine desired together in a mutual inert solvent. The reaction proceeds exothermically at room temperature with some of the alkyl and aryl amines, but in some instances elevated temperatures are necessary to produce the imide. Generally, the reaction may be carried out at temperatures from about 10 C. to about 200' C.; a preferred range of temperatures is from about 25 C. to about C. When elevated temperature is desired, these conditions can best reaction will generally depend on the temperature ernployed. Sufiicient time should be allowed for complete utilization of the reactants; however, a shorter period will merely result in a lesser yield of desired product.

The reaction of an acid anhydride andan amine to a form an imide derivative results in the production of' water as a by-product. If desired, this water may be' removed from the reaction mixture by use of a Dean- Stark tube attached to the reflux condenser.

The following examples illustrate the preparation of many compounds within the scope of this invention:

EXAMPLE I Preparation of N-phenyl-l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo- [2.2.1 1-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide One mole of C. P. aniline (93 g.) was added to a beaker containing one mole (371 g.) of 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1] heptene 2,3 dicarboxylic anhydride in 300 cc. of toluene. A voluminous precipitate formed. The precipitate adsorbed an appreciable amount of toluene which was partially removed by suction filtration. A sample of the product was recrystallized twice from ethanol and after drying under vacuum, melted at 229-230 C. and had an elementary analysis as follows:

Calculated for CuH'rClsOaN: C, 40.36%; H, 1.57%; Cl, 47.76%. Found for product: C, 40.08%; H, 1.48%; Cl, 47.78%.

The product is thus the desired N-phenylimide as above named.

EXAMPLE II Preparation of N-butyl-I,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo- [2 .2.1 -5-h eptene-2,3-dicarbaximide One quarter mole (18.2 g.) of redistilled n-butylamine was added to l,4.5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11-5- heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mol; 93 g.) in 300 cc. toluene. The temperature of the mixture rose slowly due to heat of reaction. After the materials had reacted for one hour the toluene and water formed during the reaction were removed by distillation in vacuo. The residue was a syrupy material which upon standing overnight in the cold, partially solidified into crystals. This solid was recrystallized twice from cold 95% ethanol and once from methanol. The material melted at 105' C. and had the following elementary analysis:

Calculated for CuHnClsOzN: C, 36.62%; H, 2.58%; Cl, 50.00%. Found for product: C, 36.93%; H, 2.75 96;, Cl, 49.93%.

The product is thus the N-butyl imide as above named.

EXAMPLE III Preparation of the N-(Z-ethyl-hexyD-I,4,5.6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo- [2.2.1 1-5-hepIene-ZJ-dicarboximide To l,4.5,6.7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1] 5 heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mol; 93 g.) in 300 ml. of toluene was added 2-ethylhexylamine (0.25 mol; 32.2 g.). The materials were added together at room temperature and the exothermic heat of reaction caused The product is thus the N-(2-ethyl-hexyl)-'imide as above named.

EXAMPLE IV Preparation of N-n0nyl-1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlarobicyclo- [2.2.1 ]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide To l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2:21] 5 heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mol; 93 g.) in toluene (300 ml.) was added nonylamine (0.25 mol; 35.7 g.; nonylamine had a boiling point of 173-176 C. and was obtained from Rohm and Haas) over a four-minute period. During addition the temperature rose from room temperature to about 50 C. After one hour, the toluene solvent and water formed during reaction was removed by vacuum distillation. The residue, a viscous liquid, was dissolved in 100 ml. of hot 95% ethanol, treated with activated charcoal, filtered and cooled to normal room temperature. A precipitate formed which was isolated by filtration. The thus isolated solid was twice recrystallized from 95% ethanol and once from methanol. It melted at 88-90 C. and had the following elementary analysis:

Calculated for CxaHzrClsOzN: C, 43.55%; H, 4.23%; Cl, 42.94%. Found for product: C, 43.97%; H, 4.20%; Cl, 43.02%.

The product is thus the N-nonyl imide as above named.

EXAMPLE V Preparation of N (n heptyl) 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicycle-[2.2.1 l-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide To 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachloro bicyclo [2.2.1] 5 heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mol; 93 g.) in 300 cc. of toluene, was added n-heptylamine (0.25 mol; 99 g.) over a four-minute period. The temperature rose about 25 due to the exothermic nature of the reaction. The mixture was cooled slowly to room temperature and the toluene solvent and water were removed by vacuum distillation. The residue was dissolved in 100 ml. of hot 95 ethanol, treated with activated charcoal, and filtered with the aid of Supercel." The filtrate was cooled to room temperature anl a precipitate formed which was isolated by filtration. It was recrystallized twice from ethanol and melted at 73.5-74' C. Analysis of the product gave:

Calculated for C1sH17Cls02N: C, 41.03%; H, 3.63%; Cl, 45.51%. Found for purified product: C, 41.22%; H, 3.68%; Cl, 45.40%.

The product is thus the N-(n-heptyl) named.

imide as above EXAMPLE VI N hexadecyl I,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo -[2.2.I]-

S-heptene-2,3-dicarb0ximide (The amine utilized was a commercial product known as Armeen 16D" which is a mixture of 16 carbon atom aliphatic primary amines obtainable from Armour and Company.)

To a slurry of 186 g. (0.5 mole) l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1] 5 heptene 2,3 dicarboxylic anhydride in 300 ml. of toluene, was added over a twentyminute period, 132 g. (0.55 mole) Armeen 16D. The temperature of the reaction mixture rose from 25 to 47' C. After stirring for two hours the reaction solution was washed successively with 100 ml. portions of 25% B01 solution, water, and 1% aqueous NaHCO: solution. A clear amber liquid was obtained by filtration of the cloudy brown solution through filter paper. The liquid was stripped of toluene and water under vacuum. The residue solidified upon cooling in an ice bath. Crystallization twice from ethanol resulted in a product melting at ss-ss'c.

EXAMPLEVII [2.2.l I heptene-2,3-dicarboximide (The octyl amine used was a cornmerct "Armeen 8D--Armour and Company.)

a1 preparation; of eight carbon atom aliphatic p ri mary amines- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mole; 93 g.) in 300 ml.

of toluene was added octyl amine (0.25 mole; 32.2 g.).

The reaction mixture was stirred for thirty minutes.

Toluene and water were removed by distillation under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in 95% ethanol, treated with activated charcoal, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated over a steam bath and upon cooling a white crystalline precipitate formed. This precipitate was recrystallized twice from ethanol. It melted at 58.5-59' C. Results of elementary analysis are as follows:

Calculated for CrtHmClsOzN: C, 42.32%; H, 3.94%; C1, 44.19%. Found for purified product: C, 42.39%; H, 3.83%; CI, 43.39%.

EXAMPLE VIII Preparation of N dodecyl 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo- [2.2.] ]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide (The dodecyl amine utilized was a commercial product of twelve carbon atom aliphatic primary amines sold by f Amour and Company under the name of "Armeen To 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11-5-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride 0.25 mole; 93 g.) in 300 ml.

toluene, was added Armeen 12D" (0.25 mole; 40.2 g.) over a four-minute period. After addition was complete the reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The toluene solvent and water were removed by distillation in vacuo. The residue was chilled for a period of a week, and a slurry of crystals was obtained. This slurry was crystallized from ethanol (95%) and upon drying melted at 45-48 C. A purified sample was prepared by re-- crystallizing the product twice from ethanol. This purified sample melted at 46.5 "-47.5' C. The product had the following elementary analysis:

Calculated for CztHztClsOaN: C, 46.84%; H, 5.02%; Cl, 39.59%. Found for purified product: C, 46.70%; H, 5.21%; Cl, 39.62%.

EXAMPLE IX Preparation of 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1]-

5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide of 274-277 c. and weighed 25.5 g. The filtrate was further concentrated to result in additional material, the yield totaling abount 80% of the theory.

EXAMPLE X Preparation of N potassium 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo- [2.2.1 -5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide Potassium hydroxide (0.1 mole; 5.8 grams) was dissolved in absolute methanol (75 ml.) at room temperature, and the resulting solution was added to a boiling solution of the imide prepared in Example IX above (0.1 mole;

" bromide (0.1 mole; 12.1 3.).

To 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11-5-heptenewas allowed to at room temperature for a 48410! 37.1 grams) in anhydrous dioxane (75 ml). The resulting solution which contained the desired potassium salt of the imide was cooled to room temperature.

EXAMPLE XI Preparation of N ally! 1,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo- A [2.2.1] -5-heptene-2,3-dlcarboximide To. N-potassium-l,4,5.6.7.7-hexachlorobicydo-[2.2.11-

5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide (0.1 mole; 40.9 g.) in

cc. dioxane-methanol (SO-50) solution, was added allyl period. A solid continued to precipitate out until the end of an eight-hour period. Upon concentration of I .The product had the following elementary analysis:

Calculated for CtaHtClsOaN: C, 35.17%; H, 1.71%; Cl, 51.93%. Found for purified product: C 35.24%; H, 1.65%; Cl, 51.89%.

EXAMPLE XII Preparation of N-amyl-1,4,5,6,7,7-I:exachlorobicyclo- [2.2.1 -5-h eptene-ZJ-dicarboximide To 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1] S-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.1 mole; 37.1 grams) in 100 ml. of anhydrous dioxane, was added amyl amine (0.11 mole; 4.6 g.). The reaction mixture was placed in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser and refluxed for three hours. At the end of this time most of the dioxane solvent was removed by distillation and the residue was treated with a dilute aqueous solution of HCl until it solidified. The product thus obtained recrystallized twice from hexane melted at 100-102' C.

Calculated for CuHuCleOaN: C, 38.21%; H, 2.98%; Cl, 48.35%. Found for product: C, 38.16%; H, 3.01%; Cl, 48.38%.

EXAMPLE Xlll Preparation of N-dcyl-1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo- [2.2.1]-5-Iteptene-2,3-dicarboximide To 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.1] 5 heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mole; 93 g.) in 300 ml. of toluene was add'd decylamine (0.25 mole; 39 g.) over a period of five minutes. The temperature of the solution rose from 24 to 54 C. After stirring for 1% hours the temperature of the reaction mixture had dropped to 28' 'C. The toluene solvent and water formed in the reaction were removed by distillation and the residue placed in a refrigerator overnight. The prodnot was distilled under reduced pressure and a material was collected between 221-223 C. at 0.2 mm. of Hg EXAMPLE XIV Preparation of N octadecyl I,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-I 2.2.] I -5-heptene-2,3-diearboximide (The amine utilized was a mixture of 18 carbon atom primary amines; "Armcen 18D, Armour and Com- To l,4,5,6,7,7hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11- S-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.5 mole; 186 g.) in 500 ml.

The reaction mixture rected).

toluene in a beaker was added with stirring octadecyl amine (0.5 mole; 148 g.). The temperature rose from 24 to 48' C. due to the exothermic nature of the reaction. The contents of the beaker were stirred for 1% hours and then washed with 100 ml. of 2.5% HCl,

100 m1. of water, and finally with 100 ml. of 1% Hal-100:. It was then filtered and placed into a distilling flask. The toluene and water formed by reaction were removed by distillation in vacuo, and the residue was a solid which melted at 67-70 C. The product was dissolved in ethanol, treated with activated charcoal and ,recrystallized several times.

melted at 73-79 C.

EXAMPLE XV Preparation of N (p-chloro-phenyl) I,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicycI-[2.2.I J -5-heptene-ZJ-dicarboximide To 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11-5-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (0.15 mole; 55.6 g.) in 150' ml. of xylene was added p-chloro-aniline (0.15 mole; 19.1 g) in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser and Dean-Stark tube attached thereto.

time 2.6 ml. of water was collected in the Dcan-Stark tube (theoretical 2.7 ml.). The reaction mixture was allowed to cool and the product crystallized out of the mixture. The crystalline material was collected on a Buchner funnel, washed with xylene and pentane and air dried. The crude product weighed 68.99 grams and melted at 260-264 C. The crude product crystallized The reaction mixture was refluxed for 45 minutes, at the end of which ting the aqueous part in a Dean-Stark trap. The reaction mixture is then stripped of the remaining toluene solvent in vacuo and the residue allowed to cool. The crude product is dissolved in ether and the solution washed successively with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, 5% HCl solution, and water. The solution of product is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The ether is stripped The product thus purified i from the product in vacuo and the residue recovered from the concentrated solution. The product may be further purified by crystallization from ethanol.

EXAMPLE XVI ll Preparation of N-cyclohexyl I,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlarw bicycI0-[2.2.I ]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarbaximide To l,4,5,6,7,7-hexach1orobicyclo-[2.2.1]-5-heptene-2,3-

' dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mol; 93 g.) in toluene (300 ml.) is added cyclohexylamine (0.25 mol; 26.8 g.) over a four-minute period. During addition the temperature rises about 15 C. over room temperature. The reaction mixture is stirred without heating for a period of one hour, and then heated to azeotrope the water formed, from the reaction mixture. The remaining toluene solvent is from benzene melted at 263-264 C. and had the following elementary analysis:

Calculated for CmHeCl-iOaN: C, 37.50%; H, 1.26%;

C1, 51.66%. Found for purified product: C, 37.61%;

* EXAMPLEXVI chlorobicyc o-l 2.2.1 1 -5-penIene-ZJ-dicarboximide ml. of xylene was added sulfanilamide (0.15 mole; 25.8 g). The reaction was carried out in a 500 m1. flask equipped with a reflux condenser and Dean-Stark tube. The mixture was refluxed for 9 .6 hours, at the end of which time 2.65 ml. of water was entrapped (theory=2.7 ml.); the reaction mixture was allowed to cool. A crystalline material precipitated from the reaction mixture and was recovered in a Buchner funnel (67 g.). The crude product was purified by recrystallization from dioxane several times.

The purified sample melted at 325-327 C. (uncor- Calculated for cumcnotmsi c, 34.31%;11, 1.54%; Cl, 40.52%. Found for purified product: C, 34.32%;

EXAMPLE XVII Preparation of N-(1-naphthyl)-I,4,5,6,7,7 hexachlorobicyclo-{ZJJ 1-5 -heptene-2,3-dicarb0ximide To l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyc1o- [2.2.1 ]-5-heptene-2,3- dicarboxylic anhydride (0.25 mo]; 93 g.) in toluene (300 ml.) is added a naphthylamine (0.25 mol; 35.8 g.) over a Period of ten minutes. The reaction mixture is stirred without external heating for one hour and then heated at reflux to remove water formed by the reaction, collecbon amines, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon amines and carboeyclie aryl amines.

. Preparation of N-(p-suIfamido-phenyl)-I,4,5,6,7,7-hexnremoved by distillation. The residue in the flask is dissolved in ether and the solution washed successively with 5% aqueous NaHCOa, 5%

BC], and water. The product is dried with anhydrous MgSO4 and the ether solvent removed by vacuum distillation. The product is the desired cyclohexylimide.

1 claim as my invention:

1. As a newcomposition of matter an N-substituted imide of 1,4,5,6.7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2.2.1]-5-heptene 2,3-dicarboxylic acid wherein the substituent on the imide nitrogen is the amino-tree residual radical of a primary monofunctional amine containing one to twenty-two car= bon atoms of the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocar- 2. As a new composition of matter N-allyl-l,4,5,6,7,7=

6' hexachlorobicyclo-[2.2.l]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboximide.

To 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyc1o [2.2.11-5-heptene- 2,3-dicarboxylie anhydride (0.15 mole; 55.6 g.) in 250 3. As a new composition of matter N-cyclohexy1-l,4,5,

6,7,7-hexaehlorobicyclo-[2.2.1II-S-heptene 2,3 -dicarboximide.

4. As a new composition of matter N-dodecyl-l,4,5,6,7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo [2.2.11-5-heptene 2,3 dicarboximide.

5. As a new composition of 'matter N-(p-chlorophenyl)-l,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2.2.11-5 heptene 2,3-dicarboximide.

6. As a new composition of matter N-(l naphthyn 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicycle-[2.2.l1-5-heptene 2,3 dicarboximide.

' J mumbled in the tile of patent A UNITED STATES PATENTS Kleiman Dec. 14, 1954 

1. AS A NEW COMPOSITION OF MATTER AN N-SUBSTITUTED IMIDE OF 1,4,5,6,7,7-HEXACHLOROBICYCLO-(2.2.1)-5-HEPTENE2,3-DICARBOXYLIC ACID WHEREIN THE SUBSTITUENT ON THE IMIDE NITROGEN IS THE AMINO-FREE RESIDUAL RADICAL OF A PRIMARY MONOFUNCTIONAL AMINE CONTAINING ONE TO TWENTY-TWO CARBON ATOMS OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON AMINES, CYCLOALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON AMINES AND CARBOCYCLIC ARYL AMINES. 